Mitchel's + Pratico's combined frequency-ranked vocabulary — your actual assigned words, occurrence counts 269–50. Leitner-box review: cards you miss come back sooner.
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Counts show words captured / words Mitchel states for that subsection.
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Pratico & Van Pelt's Basics of Biblical Hebrew textbook chapter, independent of the frequency-band chapters above. Only recoverable for words that also appear in Pratico's own vocab lists — most words are tagged "Other" (no known Pratico chapter), not miscategorized.
| Count | Hebrew | Transliteration | Gloss | Ch. | Pr. |
|---|
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22 consonants. Five take a distinct final form at the end of a word. Each letter also doubles as a number (gematria).
The vowel-pointing system added by the Masoretes (c. 7th–10th century CE, Tiberias) to a script that otherwise records only consonants.
Quick guide to the six core forms of the Qal stem — the basic, unmodified binyan — paradigmed on the traditional model root קטל, “kill.”
■ prefix (preformative) ■ suffix / ending (afformative)
Completed action — the default past tense in narrative. Formed by adding subject suffixes to the stem קָטַל‑.
| Form | Hebrew | Translit. |
|---|---|---|
| 3ms | קָטַל | qāṭal |
| 3fs | קָטְלָה | qāṭəlâ |
| 2ms | קָטַלְתָּ | qāṭaltā |
| 2fs | קָטַלְתְּ | qāṭalt |
| 1cs | קָטַלְתִּי | qāṭaltî |
| 3cp | קָטְלוּ | qāṭəlû |
| 2mp | קְטַלְתֶּם | qəṭaltem |
| 2fp | קְטַלְתֶּן | qəṭalten |
| 1cp | קָטַלְנוּ | qāṭalnû |
Incomplete or ongoing action — future, habitual, or (with vav‑consecutive) narrative past. Formed with subject prefixes, plus suffixes on some plural/feminine forms.
| Form | Hebrew | Translit. |
|---|---|---|
| 3ms | יִקְטֹל | yiqṭōl |
| 3fs | תִּקְטֹל | tiqṭōl |
| 2ms | תִּקְטֹל | tiqṭōl |
| 2fs | תִּקְטְלִי | tiqṭəlî |
| 1cs | אֶקְטֹל | 'eqṭōl |
| 3mp | יִקְטְלוּ | yiqṭəlû |
| 3fp | תִּקְטֹלְנָה | tiqṭōlnâ |
| 2mp | תִּקְטְלוּ | tiqṭəlû |
| 2fp | תִּקְטֹלְנָה | tiqṭōlnâ |
| 1cp | נִקְטֹל | niqṭōl |
Direct command, 2nd person only. Built on the same stem as the infinitive construct, with the imperfect’s subject suffixes but no prefix.
| Form | Hebrew | Translit. |
|---|---|---|
| 2ms | קְטֹל | qəṭōl |
| 2fs | קִטְלִי | qiṭlî |
| 2mp | קִטְלוּ | qiṭlû |
| 2fp | קְטֹלְנָה | qəṭōlnâ |
A verbal noun — one unchanging form (identical to the ms imperative) that takes prepositions and pronominal suffixes. Used after לְ, בְּ, כְּ and in purpose/temporal clauses.
| Form | Hebrew | Translit. |
|---|---|---|
| bare | קְטֹל | qəṭōl |
| with לְ “to” | לִקְטֹל | liqṭōl |
| with בְּ “when/while” | בִּקְטֹל | biqṭōl |
| with כְּ “as/when” | כִּקְטֹל | kiqṭōl |
A single unchanging form, never inflected and never governed by a preposition — no prefix or suffix to mark here, its distinctiveness is purely the internal vowel pattern. Most often paired with a finite verb of the same root for emphasis (“he indeed killed”), or stands alone as a terse command.
| Form | Hebrew | Translit. |
|---|---|---|
| — | קָטוֹל | qāṭôl |
A verbal adjective. The active participle functions as a noun (“a/the killer”) or marks ongoing action; the passive participle expresses a resulting state (“killed, slain”).
| Form | Hebrew | Translit. |
|---|---|---|
| active ms | קֹטֵל | qōṭēl |
| active fs | קֹטֶלֶת | qōṭelet |
| active mp | קֹטְלִים | qōṭəlîm |
| active fp | קֹטְלוֹת | qōṭəlôt |
| passive ms | קָטוּל | qāṭûl |
| passive fs | קְטוּלָה | qəṭûlâ |
| passive mp | קְטוּלִים | qəṭûlîm |
| passive fp | קְטוּלוֹת | qəṭûlôt |
A direct object pronoun can attach straight onto a finite verb instead of standing as a separate word. Shown here on the Qal perfect 3ms — note the stem itself shifts to קְטָל‑ before a suffix, since the added syllable pulls the word's stress away from the vowel that used to carry it. The same suffix set (with binyan‑specific stem changes) attaches to the imperfect and other conjugations too.
| Suffix | Hebrew | Translit. |
|---|---|---|
| …me | קְטָלַנִי | qəṭālanî |
| …you (ms) | קְטָלְךָ | qəṭālkā |
| …you (fs) | קְטָלֵךְ | qəṭālēk |
| …him | קְטָלוֹ | qəṭālô |
| …her | קְטָלָהּ | qəṭālāh |
| …us | קְטָלָנוּ | qəṭālānû |
| …you (mp) | קְטָלְכֶם | qəṭālkem |
| …you (fp) | קְטָלְכֶן | qəṭālken |
| …them (m) | קְטָלָם | qəṭālām |
| …them (f) | קְטָלָן | qəṭālān |
The backbone tense of Hebrew narrative. Prefixing וַ to the imperfect flips its normal future/incomplete sense into simple past — this is the form that carries a Biblical Hebrew story forward from one event to the next. The consonant after וַ doubles (a dagesh forte), which is why the vowel under the ו is a short a rather than the plain wə‑ of ordinary “and.” Before a guttural or ר, which can’t take the doubling, the ו’s vowel lengthens to compensate instead.
| Form | Hebrew | Translit. |
|---|---|---|
| 3ms | וַיִּקְטֹל | wayyiqṭōl |
| 3fs | וַתִּקְטֹל | wattiqṭōl |
| 1cs | וָאֶקְטֹל | wāʾeqṭōl |
| 3mp | וַיִּקְטְלוּ | wayyiqṭəlû |
| 3ms (guttural root, no doubling) | וַיֹּאמֶר | wayyōʾmer |
The mirror image of the form above: prefixing a plain וְ (identical in shape to ordinary “and”) to the perfect flips its normal completed-past sense into a continuing future or command — common in legal, prophetic, and instructional passages that chain a series of “you shall do X, and you shall do Y…” actions. Because the ו itself looks exactly like a simple conjunction here, telling the two apart is a matter of context and which verb form follows, not spelling.
| Form | Hebrew | Translit. |
|---|---|---|
| 3ms | וְקָטַל | wəqāṭal |
| 1cs | וְקָטַלְתִּי | wəqāṭaltî |
| 2ms | וְקָטַלְתָּ | wəqāṭaltā |
| 3cp | וְקָטְלוּ | wəqāṭəlû |